Surgery & Traumatology
Traumatic and non-traumatic muscular, vascular, and osseous pathology
Peripheral arterial and aortic diseases require a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient care. Diagnostic strategies, including imaging and biomarkers, along with medical management such as antiplatelet and lipid-lowering therapies, are crucial. Revascularization strategies and surgical interventions are tailored to individual patient needs to improve outcomes.
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency that necessitates prompt intervention to prevent tissue necrosis and limb loss. Early recognition, timely surgical intervention with fasciotomy, and comprehensive postoperative care are essential to prevent long-term complications.
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition characterized by muscle breakdown that can lead to life-threatening complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI). Early recognition, aggressive fluid resuscitation, and close monitoring are crucial to prevent complications and improve outcomes. Management strategies focus on electrolyte correction and prevention of AKI.
Pelvic trauma management involves a structured approach to optimize outcomes. The WSES classification system aids in assessing trauma severity, with initial management focusing on hemorrhage control and stabilization. Angiography, embolization, and tailored surgical interventions are integral to managing pelvic trauma effectively.
Aortic and peripheral arterial diseases
Arterial diseases
2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases: Developed by the task force on the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Lucia Mazzolai et al., European Heart Journal (2024)
What’s inside
The 2024 ESC guidelines provide updated recommendations for the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases, focusing on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.
Why it’s relevant
Peripheral arterial and aortic diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, requiring evidence-based management to improve outcomes.
Key focus
- Diagnostic approaches, including imaging and biomarkers
- Medical management, including antiplatelet and lipid-lowering therapies
- Revascularization strategies for peripheral arterial disease
- Surgical and endovascular interventions for aortic diseases
Takeaway
The guidelines emphasize a multidisciplinary approach, integrating medical, surgical, and endovascular treatments to optimize care for patients with peripheral arterial and aortic diseases.
Acute extremity compartment syndrome
Acute extremity compartment syndrome
The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Management of Acute Compartment Syndrome
James Donaldson et al., The Open Orthopaedics Journal (2014)
What’s inside
This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of acute compartment syndrome (ACS), a serious condition requiring prompt intervention to prevent permanent damage.
Why it’s relevant
ACS is a surgical emergency that can lead to tissue necrosis and limb loss if not diagnosed and treated quickly.
Key focus
- Pathophysiology of increased intracompartmental pressure
- Clinical signs and diagnostic tools (e.g., compartment pressure monitoring)
- Surgical management with fasciotomy
- Postoperative care and complications
Takeaway
The article highlights the importance of early recognition, timely surgical intervention, and comprehensive postoperative care to prevent long-term complications in ACS patients.
Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabdomyolysis
Lisa Kodadek et al., Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open (2022)
Rhabdomyolysis: an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee Clinical Consensus Document
What’s inside
This clinical consensus document by the AAST Critical Care Committee provides evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of rhabdomyolysis, a condition characterized by muscle breakdown and potential systemic complications.
Why it’s relevant
Rhabdomyolysis can lead to life-threatening complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and electrolyte imbalances, requiring prompt and effective management.
Key focus
- Causes and risk factors for rhabdomyolysis
- Diagnostic criteria, including creatine kinase (CK) levels and urine myoglobin
- Management strategies, including aggressive fluid resuscitation and electrolyte correction
- Prevention and treatment of complications, particularly AKI
Takeaway
The document emphasizes early recognition, aggressive fluid therapy, and close monitoring to prevent complications and improve outcomes in patients with rhabdomyolysis.
Osseous pathology
Pelvic trauma
Pelvic trauma
Pelvic trauma: WSES classification and guidelines
Federico Coccolini et al., World Journal of Emergency Surgery (2017)
What’s inside
This article presents the WSES classification and guidelines for the management of pelvic trauma, focusing on evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.
Why it’s relevant
Pelvic trauma is associated with high morbidity and mortality, requiring a structured approach to optimize outcomes.
Key focus
- WSES classification system for pelvic trauma severity
- Initial management, including hemorrhage control and stabilization
- Role of angiography and embolization in bleeding control
- Surgical and non-surgical treatment strategies
Takeaway
The guidelines emphasize a multidisciplinary approach, integrating early stabilization, targeted interventions, and tailored treatment to improve outcomes in pelvic trauma patients.